Vicente,-V.P.  Response of sponges with autotrophic 
	endosymbionts during the coral-bleaching episode in 
	Puerto Rico.  CORAL-REEFS. 1990. vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 199-
	202.

An updated list of sponges with algal endosymbionts including 
new records for Puerto Rico and the Caribbean, indicates that 
35 species of common Caribbean sponges possess photosynthetic 
endosymbionts. Thirty-one common sponge species were 
inspected for bleaching during coral-bleaching months (July-
September 1987; January 1988) in Puerto Rice. Anthosigmella 
varians, Xestospongia muta  and Petrosia pellasarca  bleached 
partially, but only few individuals within any given 
population became bleached and the bleaching of sponges was 
very localized. Adaptations between cyanobacterial symbionts 
and sponges, acquired during the long evolutionary history of 
these two taxa may explain the paucity of bleached sponges 
when compared to the high incidence of bleached corals 
reported.